Update Standards-Version.

* Upload to unstable
* Bump standards version
* Link jquery and underscore to the libjs- packages

CHANGELOG

@@ -1,25 +1,3 @@
-2017-03-18  Hubert Pham  <hubert@mit.edu>
-
-  PyAudio 0.2.11
-
-  - Fix use-after-free memory issue in callback handler.
-
-    Thanks to both Blaise Potard and Matthias Schaff for their patches!
-
-  - Fix docstring for get_output_latency().
-
-    Thanks to Timothy Port for finding the issue!
-
-2017-01-10  Hubert Pham  <hubert@mit.edu>
-
-  PyAudio 0.2.10
-
-  - Release the GIL during PortAudio I/O calls to avoid potential deadlock.
-
-    Thanks to Michael Graczyk for submitting a patch!
-
-  - Add a few automated unit tests.
-
 2015-10-18  Hubert Pham  <hubert@mit.edu>
 
   PyAudio 0.2.9

MANIFEST.in

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 include src/*.c src/*.h src/*.py
 include Makefile CHANGELOG INSTALL MANIFEST.in
-recursive-include examples *.py
-recursive-include tests *.py
+recursive-include test *.py *.c
+graft docs
 graft sphinx

Makefile

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 .PHONY: docs clean build
 
-VERSION := 0.2.11
+VERSION := 0.2.9
 PYTHON ?= python
 BUILD_ARGS ?=
 SPHINX ?= sphinx-build
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ PYTHON_BUILD_DIR:=$(shell $(PYTHON) -c "import distutils.util; import sys; print
 BUILD_DIR:=lib.$(PYTHON_BUILD_DIR)
 BUILD_STAMP:=$(BUILD_DIR)/build
 SRCFILES := src/*.c src/*.h src/*.py
-EXAMPLES := examples/*.py
-TESTS := tests/*.py
+EXAMPLES := test/*.py
 
 what:
 	@echo "make targets:"
@@ -44,5 +43,5 @@ docs: build
 ######################################################################
 # Source Tarball
 ######################################################################
-tarball: $(SRCFILES) $(EXAMPLES) $(TESTS) MANIFEST.in
+tarball: docs $(SRCFILES) $(EXAMPLES) MANIFEST.in
 	@$(PYTHON) setup.py sdist

README

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ======================================================================
-PyAudio v0.2.12: Python Bindings for PortAudio.
+PyAudio v0.2.9: Python Bindings for PortAudio.
 ======================================================================
 
 See: http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/pyaudio/

debian/changelog

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+python-pyaudio (0.2.9-1) unstable; urgency=low
+
+  * Fix overflow error handling logic for pa_read_stream.
+  * Fix IOError exception arguments.
+
+ -- Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>  Sun, 18 Oct 2015 19:00:00 -0500
+
+python-pyaudio (0.2.8-1) unstable; urgency=low
+
+  * Fix support for non-UTF8 encoded device names.
+  * Fix deadlock on some platforms when calling pa.stop_stream.
+  * Fix debian packaging to avoid including unnecessary files.
+    Closes: #743660.
+
+ -- Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>  Mon, 12 Apr 2014 19:00:00 -0500
+
+python-pyaudio (0.2.7-2) unstable; urgency=low
+
+  * Upload to unstable
+  * Bump standards version
+  * Link jquery and underscore to the libjs- packages
+
+ -- Felipe Sateler <fsateler@debian.org>  Sat, 19 Oct 2013 17:35:39 -0300
+
+python-pyaudio (0.2.7-1) experimental; urgency=low
+
+  * Add support for callables in non-blocking mode.
+  * Change documentation generator to Sphinx.
+
+ -- Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>  Sat, 20 Oct 2012 20:00:00 -0500
+
+python-pyaudio (0.2.6-1) experimental; urgency=low
+
+  * New upstream release.
+  * Add support for Python 3.
+  * Split documentation into python-pyaudio-doc package.
+
+ -- Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>  Sat, 02 Sep 2012 21:00:00 -0500
+
+python-pyaudio (0.2.5-1) UNRELEASED; urgency=low
+
+  * Add support for callback (non-blocking) operation.
+
+ -- Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>  Sat, 02 Sep 2012 20:00:00 -0500
+
+python-pyaudio (0.2.4-2) unstable; urgency=low
+
+  * Add python-docutils to Build-Depends.
+  * Generate documentation against built portaudio module.
+
+ -- Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>  Tue, 02 Nov 2010 23:16:00 -0500
+
+python-pyaudio (0.2.4-1) UNRELEASED; urgency=low
+
+  [ Felipe Sateler ]
+  * Bump standards version (no changes needed)
+  * Introduce a long description
+  * Use --intall-layout=deb to comply with python policy
+  * Use ${shlib:Depends} and ${misc:Depends}
+  * Move to python section
+  * Add dummy binary-indep target
+  * Add call to dh_compress
+  * Add homepage field
+
+  [ Hubert Pham ]
+  * Updated directory structure and packaging.
+
+ -- Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>  Wed, 18 Aug 2010 15:23:00 -0500
+
+python-pyaudio (0.2.3) unstable; urgency=low
+
+  * Release the GIL during blocking PortAudio I/O calls.
+
+  * Fixed Python argument parsing to use a long for PaSampleFormat.
+
+  * pyaudio.PyAudio.is_format_supported() now throws a ValueError
+    exception if the specified format is not supported for any reason
+    (or returns True if the format is supported).
+
+ -- Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>  Thu, 30 Oct 2008 17:00:00 -0500
+
+python-pyaudio (0.2.0) unstable; urgency=low
+
+  * Initial version
+
+ -- Justin Mazzola Paluska <jmp@mit.edu>  Fri, 08 Feb 2008 13:47:27 -0500

debian/compat

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+9

debian/control

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+Source: python-pyaudio
+Section: python
+Priority: optional
+Standards-Version: 3.9.5
+Build-Depends: python-all-dev, python3-all-dev, debhelper(>= 9), portaudio19-dev, python-sphinx, python-docutils, dh-linktree, libjs-jquery, libjs-underscore
+Maintainer: Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>
+Uploaders: Felipe Sateler <fsateler@debian.org>, Justin Mazzola Paluska <jmp@mit.edu>
+Homepage: http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/pyaudio/
+Vcs-Git: http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/git/pyaudio.git
+Vcs-Browser: http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/git/pyaudio.git
+
+Package: python-pyaudio
+Depends: ${python:Depends}, ${shlibs:Depends}, ${misc:Depends}
+Provides: ${python:Provides}
+Suggests: python-pyaudio-doc (>= ${source:Upstream-Version})
+Architecture: any
+Description: Python bindings for PortAudio v19
+ PyAudio provides Python bindings for PortAudio v19, the
+ cross-platform audio I/O library. PyAudio makes it easy to use Python
+ to play and record audio via pythonic wrappers around the PortAudio
+ API.  This package is for Python2.
+
+Package: python3-pyaudio
+Depends: ${python3:Depends}, ${shlibs:Depends}, ${misc:Depends}
+Provides: ${python3:Provides}
+Suggests: python-pyaudio-doc (>= ${source:Upstream-Version})
+Architecture: any
+Description: Python3 bindings for PortAudio v19
+ PyAudio provides Python bindings for PortAudio v19, the
+ cross-platform audio I/O library. PyAudio makes it easy to use Python
+ to play and record audio via pythonic wrappers around the PortAudio
+ API.  This package is for Python3.
+
+Package: python-pyaudio-doc
+Section: doc
+Depends: ${misc:Depends}
+Architecture: all
+Description: Documentation for Python bindings for PortAudio v19
+ Documentation for PyAudio, which provides Python bindings for
+ PortAudio v19, the cross-platform audio I/O library. PyAudio makes it
+ easy to use Python to play and record audio via pythonic wrappers
+ around the PortAudio API.

debian/copyright

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+PyAudio is distributed under the MIT License. That is to say,
+
+Copyright (c) 2006-2012 Hubert Pham
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+The upstream PyAudio source is available at:
+
+git:      http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/git/pyaudio.git
+homepage: http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/pyaudio/
+
+The original PyAudio author is: Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>.
+
+The Debian packaging of PyAudio is also distributed under the
+MIT license.
+
+Debian package maintainers include:
+  Hubert Pham <hubert@mit.edu>
+  Felipe Sateler <fsateler@debian.org>
+  Justin Mazzola Paluska <jmp@mit.edu>

debian/gbp.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[DEFAULT]
+upstream-branch = master
+debian-branch = debian
+
+upstream-tag = v%(version)s
+debian-tag = debian/%(version)s

debian/python-pyaudio-doc.doc-base

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Document: python-pyaudio-doc
+Title: PyAudio API
+Author: Hubert Pham
+Abstract: This manual is the API reference for the Python PyAudio library.
+Section: Programming/Python
+
+Format: HTML
+Index: /usr/share/doc/python-pyaudio-doc/docs/index.html
+Files: /usr/share/doc/python-pyaudio-doc/docs/*

debian/python-pyaudio-doc.docs

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+README
+docs/

debian/python-pyaudio-doc.linktrees

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+replace usr/share/javascript/jquery usr/share/doc/python-pyaudio-doc/docs/_static
+replace usr/share/javascript/underscore usr/share/doc/python-pyaudio-doc/docs/_static
+

debian/python-pyaudio.examples

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+test/error.py
+test/play_wave.py
+test/play_wave_callback.py
+test/record.py
+test/system_info.py
+test/wire_callback.py
+test/wire_full.py
+test/wire_half.py

debian/python-pyaudio.install

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+usr/lib/python2*/*-packages/pyaudio.py
+usr/lib/python2*/*-packages/*.so
+usr/lib/python2*/*-packages/*.egg-info

debian/python3-pyaudio.examples

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+test/error.py
+test/play_wave.py
+test/play_wave_callback.py
+test/record.py
+test/system_info.py
+test/wire_callback.py
+test/wire_full.py
+test/wire_half.py

debian/python3-pyaudio.install

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+usr/lib/python3*/*-packages/pyaudio.py
+usr/lib/python3*/*-packages/*.so
+usr/lib/python3*/*-packages/*.egg-info

debian/rules

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/make -f
+# -*- mode: makefile -*-
+
+SPACE := 
+SPACE +=
+
+PYVERS := $(shell pyversions -vs) $(shell py3versions -vs)
+
+PYTHONPATH=$(subst $(SPACE),:,$(abspath $(wildcard build/lib*)))
+
+%:
+	dh $@ --with python2,python3,linktree
+
+override_dh_auto_build: $(PYVERS:%=build-python%)
+	PYTHONPATH=$(PYTHONPATH) make docs
+
+# This has to be in a separate target otherwise
+# make gets confused and executes the PYTHONPATH too early
+build-python%:
+	dh_testdir
+	python$* setup.py build
+
+
+override_dh_auto_install: $(PYVERS:%=install-python%)
+
+install-python%:
+	python$* setup.py install --install-layout=deb --root=$(CURDIR)/debian/tmp
+

debian/source/format

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+3.0 (quilt)

setup.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-PyAudio v0.2.11: Python Bindings for PortAudio.
+PyAudio v0.2.9: Python Bindings for PortAudio.
 
 Copyright (c) 2006 Hubert Pham
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ try:
 except ImportError:
     from distutils.core import setup, Extension
 
-__version__ = "0.2.12"
+__version__ = "0.2.9"
 
 # distutils will try to locate and link dynamically against portaudio.
 #

sphinx/conf.py

@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ copyright = '2006, Hubert Pham'
 # built documents.
 #
 # The short X.Y version.
-version = '0.2.11'
+version = '0.2.9'
 # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
-release = '0.2.11'
+release = '0.2.9'
 
 # The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
 # for a list of supported languages.

sphinx/examples.rst

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 Example: Blocking Mode Audio I/O
 --------------------------------
 
-.. literalinclude:: ../examples/play_wave.py
+.. literalinclude:: ../test/play_wave.py
 
 To use PyAudio, first instantiate PyAudio using
 :py:func:`pyaudio.PyAudio` (1), which sets up the portaudio system.
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Finally, terminate the portaudio session using
 Example: Callback Mode Audio I/O
 --------------------------------
 
-.. literalinclude:: ../examples/play_wave_callback.py
+.. literalinclude:: ../test/play_wave_callback.py
 
 In callback mode, PyAudio will call a specified callback function (2)
 whenever it needs new audio data (to play) and/or when there is new

src/_portaudiomodule.c

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
  */
 
 #include <stdio.h>
-#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
 #include "Python.h"
 #include "portaudio.h"
 #include "_portaudiomodule.h"
@@ -755,8 +754,8 @@ typedef struct {
 typedef struct {
   // clang-format off
   PyObject_HEAD
-  // clang-format on
-  PaStream *stream;
+      // clang-format on
+      PaStream *stream;
   PaStreamParameters *inputParameters;
   PaStreamParameters *outputParameters;
   PaStreamInfo *streamInfo;
@@ -772,8 +771,8 @@ static void _cleanup_Stream_object(_pyAudio_Stream *streamObject) {
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     Pa_CloseStream(streamObject->stream);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    // clang-format on
-    streamObject->stream = NULL;
+        // clang-format on
+        streamObject->stream = NULL;
   }
 
   if (streamObject->streamInfo) streamObject->streamInfo = NULL;
@@ -976,26 +975,14 @@ static PyObject *pa_get_version_text(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
 
 static PyObject *pa_initialize(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
   int err;
-
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
   err = Pa_Initialize();
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
-
   if (err != paNoError) {
-    // clang-format off
-    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     Pa_Terminate();
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    // clang-format on
-
 #ifdef VERBOSE
     fprintf(stderr, "An error occured while using the portaudio stream\n");
     fprintf(stderr, "Error number: %d\n", err);
     fprintf(stderr, "Error message: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText(err));
 #endif
-
     PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_IOError,
                     Py_BuildValue("(i,s)", err, Pa_GetErrorText(err)));
     return NULL;
@@ -1006,12 +993,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_initialize(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
 }
 
 static PyObject *pa_terminate(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
   Pa_Terminate();
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
-
   Py_INCREF(Py_None);
   return Py_None;
 }
@@ -1292,7 +1274,7 @@ int _stream_callback_cfunction(const void *input, void *output,
   PyObject *py_status_flags = PyLong_FromUnsignedLong(statusFlags);
   PyObject *py_input_data = Py_None;
   const char *pData;
-  Py_ssize_t output_len;
+  int output_len;
   PyObject *py_result;
 
   if (input) {
@@ -1349,6 +1331,8 @@ int _stream_callback_cfunction(const void *input, void *output,
     goto end;
   }
 
+  Py_DECREF(py_result);
+
   if ((return_val != paComplete) && (return_val != paAbort) &&
       (return_val != paContinue)) {
     PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
@@ -1357,7 +1341,6 @@ int _stream_callback_cfunction(const void *input, void *output,
     PyErr_Print();
 
     // Quit the callback loop
-    Py_DECREF(py_result);
     return_val = paAbort;
     goto end;
   }
@@ -1374,7 +1357,6 @@ int _stream_callback_cfunction(const void *input, void *output,
       return_val = paComplete;
     }
   }
-  Py_DECREF(py_result);
 
 end:
   if (input) {
@@ -1601,8 +1583,6 @@ static PyObject *pa_open(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs) {
     context->frame_size = Pa_GetSampleSize(format) * channels;
   }
 
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
   err = Pa_OpenStream(&stream,
                       /* input/output parameters */
                       /* NULL values are ignored */
@@ -1618,8 +1598,6 @@ static PyObject *pa_open(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs) {
                       (stream_callback) ? (_stream_callback_cfunction) : (NULL),
                       /* callback userData, if applicable */
                       context);
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
 
   if (err != paNoError) {
 #ifdef VERBOSE
@@ -1766,6 +1744,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_start_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
   int err;
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!", &_pyAudio_StreamType, &stream_arg)) {
     return NULL;
@@ -1779,13 +1758,9 @@ static PyObject *pa_start_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  err = Pa_StartStream(streamObject->stream);
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
 
-  if ((err != paNoError) &&
+  if (((err = Pa_StartStream(stream)) != paNoError) &&
       (err != paStreamIsNotStopped)) {
     _cleanup_Stream_object(streamObject);
 
@@ -1808,6 +1783,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_stop_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
   int err;
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!", &_pyAudio_StreamType, &stream_arg)) {
     return NULL;
@@ -1820,13 +1796,15 @@ static PyObject *pa_stop_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
+
   // clang-format off
   Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  err = Pa_StopStream(streamObject->stream);
+  err = Pa_StopStream(stream);
   Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
+      // clang-format on
 
-  if ((err != paNoError) && (err != paStreamIsStopped)) {
+      if ((err != paNoError) && (err != paStreamIsStopped)) {
     _cleanup_Stream_object(streamObject);
 
 #ifdef VERBOSE
@@ -1848,6 +1826,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_abort_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
   int err;
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!", &_pyAudio_StreamType, &stream_arg)) {
     return NULL;
@@ -1860,13 +1839,15 @@ static PyObject *pa_abort_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
+
   // clang-format off
   Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  err = Pa_AbortStream(streamObject->stream);
+  err = Pa_AbortStream(stream);
   Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
+      // clang-format on
 
-  if ((err != paNoError) && (err != paStreamIsStopped)) {
+      if ((err != paNoError) && (err != paStreamIsStopped)) {
     _cleanup_Stream_object(streamObject);
 
 #ifdef VERBOSE
@@ -1888,6 +1869,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_is_stream_stopped(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
   int err;
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!", &_pyAudio_StreamType, &stream_arg)) {
     return NULL;
@@ -1901,13 +1883,9 @@ static PyObject *pa_is_stream_stopped(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  err = Pa_IsStreamStopped(streamObject->stream);
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
 
-  if (err < 0) {
+  if ((err = Pa_IsStreamStopped(stream)) < 0) {
     _cleanup_Stream_object(streamObject);
 
 #ifdef VERBOSE
@@ -1934,6 +1912,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_is_stream_active(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
   int err;
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!", &_pyAudio_StreamType, &stream_arg)) {
     return NULL;
@@ -1946,13 +1925,9 @@ static PyObject *pa_is_stream_active(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  err = Pa_IsStreamActive(streamObject->stream);
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
 
-  if (err < 0) {
+  if ((err = Pa_IsStreamActive(stream)) < 0) {
     _cleanup_Stream_object(streamObject);
 
 #ifdef VERBOSE
@@ -1979,6 +1954,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_get_stream_time(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
   double time;
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!", &_pyAudio_StreamType, &stream_arg)) {
     return NULL;
@@ -1992,13 +1968,9 @@ static PyObject *pa_get_stream_time(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  time = Pa_GetStreamTime(streamObject->stream);
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
 
-  if (time == 0) {
+  if ((time = Pa_GetStreamTime(stream)) == 0) {
     _cleanup_Stream_object(streamObject);
     PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_IOError,
                     Py_BuildValue("(i,s)", paInternalError, "Internal Error"));
@@ -2009,9 +1981,9 @@ static PyObject *pa_get_stream_time(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
 }
 
 static PyObject *pa_get_stream_cpu_load(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
-  double cpuload;
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!", &_pyAudio_StreamType, &stream_arg)) {
     return NULL;
@@ -2025,13 +1997,8 @@ static PyObject *pa_get_stream_cpu_load(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  cpuload = Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad(streamObject->stream);
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
-
-  return PyFloat_FromDouble(cpuload);
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
+  return PyFloat_FromDouble(Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad(stream));
 }
 
 /*************************************************************
@@ -2047,6 +2014,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_write_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
 
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   // clang-format off
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!s#i|i",
@@ -2073,13 +2041,15 @@ static PyObject *pa_write_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
+
   // clang-format off
   Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  err = Pa_WriteStream(streamObject->stream, data, total_frames);
+  err = Pa_WriteStream(stream, data, total_frames);
   Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
+      // clang-format on
 
-  if (err != paNoError) {
+      if (err != paNoError) {
     if (err == paOutputUnderflowed) {
       if (should_throw_exception) {
         goto error;
@@ -2115,6 +2085,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_read_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
 
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
   PaStreamParameters *inputParameters;
 
   // clang-format off
@@ -2140,6 +2111,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_read_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
   inputParameters = streamObject->inputParameters;
   num_bytes = (total_frames) * (inputParameters->channelCount) *
               (Pa_GetSampleSize(inputParameters->sampleFormat));
@@ -2159,11 +2131,11 @@ static PyObject *pa_read_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
 
   // clang-format off
   Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  err = Pa_ReadStream(streamObject->stream, sampleBlock, total_frames);
+  err = Pa_ReadStream(stream, sampleBlock, total_frames);
   Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
+      // clang-format on
 
-  if (err != paNoError) {
+      if (err != paNoError) {
     if (err == paInputOverflowed) {
       if (should_raise_exception) {
         goto error;
@@ -2194,6 +2166,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_get_stream_write_available(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
   signed long frames;
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!", &_pyAudio_StreamType, &stream_arg)) {
     return NULL;
@@ -2207,12 +2180,8 @@ static PyObject *pa_get_stream_write_available(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  frames = Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable(streamObject->stream);
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
-
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
+  frames = Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable(stream);
   return PyLong_FromLong(frames);
 }
 
@@ -2220,6 +2189,7 @@ static PyObject *pa_get_stream_read_available(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
   signed long frames;
   PyObject *stream_arg;
   _pyAudio_Stream *streamObject;
+  PaStream *stream;
 
   if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!", &_pyAudio_StreamType, &stream_arg)) {
     return NULL;
@@ -2233,12 +2203,8 @@ static PyObject *pa_get_stream_read_available(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) {
     return NULL;
   }
 
-  // clang-format off
-  Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-  frames = Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable(streamObject->stream);
-  Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-  // clang-format on
-
+  stream = streamObject->stream;
+  frames = Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable(stream);
   return PyLong_FromLong(frames);
 }
 

src/pyaudio.py

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ Overview
 """
 
 __author__ = "Hubert Pham"
-__version__ = "0.2.11"
+__version__ = "0.2.9"
 __docformat__ = "restructuredtext en"
 
 import sys
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ class Stream:
 
     def get_output_latency(self):
         """
-        Return the output latency.
+        Return the input latency.
 
         :rtype: float
         """

test/wire_callback.py

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import sys
 WIDTH = 2
 CHANNELS = 2
 RATE = 44100
-DURATION = 5
 
 if sys.platform == 'darwin':
     CHANNELS = 1
@@ -31,9 +30,7 @@ stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(WIDTH),
 
 stream.start_stream()
 
-start = time.time()
-
-while stream.is_active() and (time.time() - start) < DURATION:
+while stream.is_active():
     time.sleep(0.1)
 
 stream.stop_stream()

tests/error_tests.py

@@ -1,120 +0,0 @@
-import sys
-import time
-import unittest
-
-import pyaudio
-
-class PyAudioErrorTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.p.terminate()
-
-    def test_invalid_sample_size(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
-            self.p.get_sample_size(10)
-
-    def test_invalid_width(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
-            self.p.get_format_from_width(8)
-
-    def test_invalid_device(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-            self.p.get_host_api_info_by_type(-1)
-
-    def test_invalid_hostapi(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-            self.p.get_host_api_info_by_index(-1)
-
-    def test_invalid_host_api_devinfo(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-            self.p.get_device_info_by_host_api_device_index(0, -1)
-
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-            self.p.get_device_info_by_host_api_device_index(-1, 0)
-
-    def test_invalid_device_devinfo(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-            self.p.get_device_info_by_index(-1)
-
-    def test_error_without_stream_start(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-            stream = self.p.open(channels=1,
-                                 rate=44100,
-                                 format=pyaudio.paInt16,
-                                 input=True,
-                                 start=False)  # not starting stream
-            stream.read(2)
-
-    def test_error_writing_to_readonly_stream(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-            stream = self.p.open(channels=1,
-                                 rate=44100,
-                                 format=pyaudio.paInt16,
-                                 input=True)
-            stream.write('foo')
-
-    def test_error_negative_frames(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
-            stream = self.p.open(channels=1,
-                                 rate=44100,
-                                 format=pyaudio.paInt16,
-                                 input=True)
-            stream.read(-1)
-
-    def test_invalid_attr_on_closed_stream(self):
-        stream = self.p.open(channels=1,
-                             rate=44100,
-                             format=pyaudio.paInt16,
-                             input=True)
-        stream.close()
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-            stream.get_input_latency()
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError):
-            stream.read(1)
-
-    def test_invalid_format_supported(self):
-        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
-            self.p.is_format_supported(8000, -1, 1, pyaudio.paInt16)
-
-        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
-            self.p.is_format_supported(8000, 0, -1, pyaudio.paInt16)
-
-    def test_write_underflow_exception(self):
-        stream = self.p.open(channels=1,
-                             rate=44100,
-                             format=pyaudio.paInt16,
-                             output=True)
-        time.sleep(0.5)
-        stream.write('\x00\x00\x00\x00', exception_on_underflow=False)
-
-        # It's difficult to invoke an underflow on ALSA, so skip.
-        if sys.platform in ('linux', 'linux2'):
-            return
-
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError) as err:
-            time.sleep(0.5)
-            stream.write('\x00\x00\x00\x00', exception_on_underflow=True)
-
-        self.assertEqual(err.exception.errno, pyaudio.paOutputUnderflowed)
-        self.assertEqual(err.exception.strerror, 'Output underflowed')
-
-    def test_read_overflow_exception(self):
-        stream = self.p.open(channels=1,
-                             rate=44100,
-                             format=pyaudio.paInt16,
-                             input=True)
-        time.sleep(0.5)
-        stream.read(2, exception_on_overflow=False)
-
-        # It's difficult to invoke an underflow on ALSA, so skip.
-        if sys.platform in ('linux', 'linux2'):
-            return
-
-        with self.assertRaises(IOError) as err:
-            time.sleep(0.5)
-            stream.read(2, exception_on_overflow=True)
-
-        self.assertEqual(err.exception.errno, pyaudio.paInputOverflowed)
-        self.assertEqual(err.exception.strerror, 'Input overflowed')

tests/pyaudio_tests.py

@@ -1,642 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-"""Automated unit tests for testing audio playback and capture.
-
-These tests require an OS loopback sound device that forwards audio
-output, generated by PyAudio for playback, and forwards it to an input
-device, which PyAudio can record and verify against a test signal.
-
-On Mac OS X, Soundflower can create such a device.
-
-On GNU/Linux, the snd-aloop kernel module provides a loopback ALSA
-device. Use examples/system_info.py to identify the name of the loopback
-device.
-"""
-
-import math
-import struct
-import time
-import unittest
-import wave
-import sys
-
-import numpy
-
-import pyaudio
-
-DUMP_CAPTURE=False
-
-class PyAudioTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
-        (self.loopback_input_idx,
-         self.loopback_output_idx) = self.get_audio_loopback()
-        assert (self.loopback_input_idx is None
-                or self.loopback_input_idx >= 0), "No loopback device found"
-        assert (self.loopback_output_idx is None
-                or self.loopback_output_idx >= 0), "No loopback device found"
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.p.terminate()
-
-    def get_audio_loopback(self):
-        if sys.platform == 'darwin':
-            return self._find_audio_loopback(
-                'Soundflower (2ch)', 'Soundflower (2ch)')
-        if sys.platform in ('linux', 'linux2'):
-            return self._find_audio_loopback(
-                'Loopback: PCM (hw:1,0)', 'Loopback: PCM (hw:1,1)')
-        if sys.platform == 'win32':
-            # Assumes running in a VM, in which the hypervisor can
-            # set up a loopback device to back the "default" audio devices.
-            # Here, None indicates default device.
-            return None, None
-
-        return -1, -1
-
-    def _find_audio_loopback(self, indev, outdev):
-        """Utility to find audio loopback device."""
-        input_idx, output_idx = -1, -1
-        for device_idx in range(self.p.get_device_count()):
-            devinfo = self.p.get_device_info_by_index(device_idx)
-            if (outdev == devinfo.get('name') and
-                devinfo.get('maxOutputChannels', 0) > 0):
-                output_idx = device_idx
-
-            if (indev == devinfo.get('name') and
-                devinfo.get('maxInputChannels', 0) > 0):
-                input_idx = device_idx
-
-            if output_idx > -1 and input_idx > -1:
-                break
-
-        return input_idx, output_idx
-
-    def test_system_info(self):
-        """Basic system info tests"""
-        self.assertTrue(self.p.get_host_api_count() > 0)
-        self.assertTrue(self.p.get_device_count() > 0)
-        api_info = self.p.get_host_api_info_by_index(0)
-        self.assertTrue(len(api_info.items()) > 0)
-
-    def test_input_output_blocking(self):
-        """Test blocking-based record and playback."""
-        rate = 44100 # frames per second
-        width = 2    # bytes per sample
-        channels = 2
-        # Blocking-mode might add some initial choppiness on some
-        # platforms/loopback devices, so set a longer duration.
-        duration = 3 # seconds
-        frames_per_chunk = 1024
-
-        freqs = [130.81, 329.63, 440.0, 466.16, 587.33, 739.99]
-        test_signal = self.create_reference_signal(freqs, rate, width, duration)
-        audio_chunks = self.signal_to_chunks(
-            test_signal, frames_per_chunk, channels)
-
-        out_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            output=True,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            output_device_index=self.loopback_output_idx)
-        in_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            input=True,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            input_device_index=self.loopback_input_idx)
-
-        captured = []
-        for chunk in audio_chunks:
-            out_stream.write(chunk)
-            captured.append(in_stream.read(frames_per_chunk))
-        # Capture a few more frames, since there is some lag.
-        for i in range(8):
-            captured.append(in_stream.read(frames_per_chunk))
-
-        in_stream.stop_stream()
-        out_stream.stop_stream()
-
-        if DUMP_CAPTURE:
-            self.write_wav('test_blocking.wav', b''.join(captured),
-                           width, channels, rate)
-
-        captured_signal = self.pcm16_to_numpy(b''.join(captured))
-        captured_left_channel = captured_signal[::2]
-        captured_right_channel = captured_signal[1::2]
-
-        self.assert_pcm16_spectrum_nearly_equal(
-            rate,
-            captured_left_channel,
-            test_signal,
-            len(freqs))
-        self.assert_pcm16_spectrum_nearly_equal(
-            rate,
-            captured_right_channel,
-            test_signal,
-            len(freqs))
-
-    def test_input_output_callback(self):
-        """Test callback-based record and playback."""
-        rate = 44100 # frames per second
-        width = 2    # bytes per sample
-        channels = 2
-        duration = 1 # second
-        frames_per_chunk = 1024
-
-        freqs = [130.81, 329.63, 440.0, 466.16, 587.33, 739.99]
-        test_signal = self.create_reference_signal(freqs, rate, width, duration)
-        audio_chunks = self.signal_to_chunks(
-            test_signal, frames_per_chunk, channels)
-
-        state = {'count': 0}
-        def out_callback(_, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            if state['count'] >= len(audio_chunks):
-                return ('', pyaudio.paComplete)
-            rval = (audio_chunks[state['count']], pyaudio.paContinue)
-            state['count'] += 1
-            return rval
-
-        captured = []
-        def in_callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            captured.append(in_data)
-            return (None, pyaudio.paContinue)
-
-        out_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            output=True,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            output_device_index=self.loopback_output_idx,
-            stream_callback=out_callback)
-
-        in_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            input=True,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            input_device_index=self.loopback_input_idx,
-            stream_callback=in_callback)
-
-        in_stream.start_stream()
-        out_stream.start_stream()
-        time.sleep(duration + 1)
-        in_stream.stop_stream()
-        out_stream.stop_stream()
-
-        if DUMP_CAPTURE:
-            self.write_wav('test_callback.wav', b''.join(captured),
-                           width, channels, rate)
-
-        captured_signal = self.pcm16_to_numpy(b''.join(captured))
-        captured_left_channel = captured_signal[::2]
-        captured_right_channel = captured_signal[1::2]
-
-        self.assert_pcm16_spectrum_nearly_equal(
-            rate,
-            captured_left_channel,
-            test_signal,
-            len(freqs))
-        self.assert_pcm16_spectrum_nearly_equal(
-            rate,
-            captured_right_channel,
-            test_signal,
-            len(freqs))
-
-    def test_device_lock_gil_order(self):
-        """Ensure no deadlock between Pa_{Open,Start,Stop}Stream and GIL."""
-        # This test targets OSX/macOS CoreAudio, which seems to use
-        # audio device locks. On ALSA and Win32 MME, this problem
-        # doesn't seem to appear despite not releasing the GIL when
-        # calling into PortAudio.
-        rate = 44100 # frames per second
-        width = 2    # bytes per sample
-        channels = 2
-        frames_per_chunk = 1024
-
-        def out_callback(_, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            return ('', pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        def in_callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            # Release the GIL for a bit
-            time.sleep(2)
-            return (None, pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        in_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            input=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            input_device_index=self.loopback_input_idx,
-            stream_callback=in_callback)
-        # In a separate (C) thread, portaudio/driver will grab the device lock,
-        # then the GIL to call in_callback.
-        in_stream.start_stream()
-        # Wait a bit to let that callback thread start.
-        time.sleep(1)
-        # in_callback will eventually drop the GIL when executing
-        # time.sleep (while retaining the device lock), allowing the
-        # following code to run. Opening a stream and starting it MUST
-        # release the GIL before attempting to acquire the device
-        # lock. Otherwise, the following code will wait for the device
-        # lock (while holding the GIL), while the in_callback thread
-        # will be waiting for the GIL once time.sleep completes (while
-        # holding the device lock), leading to deadlock.
-        out_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            output=True,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            output_device_index=self.loopback_output_idx,
-            stream_callback=out_callback)
-        out_stream.start_stream()
-
-        time.sleep(0.1)
-        in_stream.stop_stream()
-        out_stream.stop_stream()
-
-    def test_stream_state_gil(self):
-        """Ensure no deadlock between Pa_IsStream{Active,Stopped} and GIL."""
-        rate = 44100 # frames per second
-        width = 2    # bytes per sample
-        channels = 2
-        frames_per_chunk = 1024
-
-        def out_callback(_, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            return ('', pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        def in_callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            # Release the GIL for a bit
-            time.sleep(2)
-            return (None, pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        in_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            input=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            input_device_index=self.loopback_input_idx,
-            stream_callback=in_callback)
-        out_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            output=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            output_device_index=self.loopback_output_idx,
-            stream_callback=out_callback)
-        # In a separate (C) thread, portaudio/driver will grab the device lock,
-        # then the GIL to call in_callback.
-        in_stream.start_stream()
-        # Wait a bit to let that callback thread start.
-        time.sleep(1)
-        # in_callback will eventually drop the GIL when executing
-        # time.sleep (while retaining the device lock), allowing the
-        # following code to run. Checking the state of the stream MUST
-        # not require the device lock, but if it does, it must release the GIL
-        # before attempting to acquire the device
-        # lock. Otherwise, the following code will wait for the device
-        # lock (while holding the GIL), while the in_callback thread
-        # will be waiting for the GIL once time.sleep completes (while
-        # holding the device lock), leading to deadlock.
-        self.assertTrue(in_stream.is_active())
-        self.assertFalse(in_stream.is_stopped())
-
-        self.assertTrue(out_stream.is_stopped())
-        self.assertFalse(out_stream.is_active())
-        out_stream.start_stream()
-        self.assertFalse(out_stream.is_stopped())
-        self.assertTrue(out_stream.is_active())
-
-        time.sleep(0.1)
-        in_stream.stop_stream()
-        out_stream.stop_stream()
-
-    def test_get_stream_time_gil(self):
-        """Ensure no deadlock between PA_GetStreamTime and GIL."""
-        rate = 44100 # frames per second
-        width = 2    # bytes per sample
-        channels = 2
-        frames_per_chunk = 1024
-
-        def out_callback(_, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            return ('', pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        def in_callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            # Release the GIL for a bit
-            time.sleep(2)
-            return (None, pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        in_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            input=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            input_device_index=self.loopback_input_idx,
-            stream_callback=in_callback)
-        out_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            output=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            output_device_index=self.loopback_output_idx,
-            stream_callback=out_callback)
-        # In a separate (C) thread, portaudio/driver will grab the device lock,
-        # then the GIL to call in_callback.
-        in_stream.start_stream()
-        # Wait a bit to let that callback thread start.
-        time.sleep(1)
-        # in_callback will eventually drop the GIL when executing
-        # time.sleep (while retaining the device lock), allowing the
-        # following code to run. Getting the stream time MUST not
-        # require the device lock, but if it does, it must release the
-        # GIL before attempting to acquire the device lock. Otherwise,
-        # the following code will wait for the device lock (while
-        # holding the GIL), while the in_callback thread will be
-        # waiting for the GIL once time.sleep completes (while holding
-        # the device lock), leading to deadlock.
-        self.assertGreater(in_stream.get_time(), -1)
-        self.assertGreater(out_stream.get_time(), 1)
-
-        time.sleep(0.1)
-        in_stream.stop_stream()
-        out_stream.stop_stream()
-
-    def test_get_stream_cpuload_gil(self):
-        """Ensure no deadlock between Pa_GetStreamCpuLoad and GIL."""
-        rate = 44100 # frames per second
-        width = 2    # bytes per sample
-        channels = 2
-        frames_per_chunk = 1024
-
-        def out_callback(_, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            return ('', pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        def in_callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            # Release the GIL for a bit
-            time.sleep(2)
-            return (None, pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        in_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            input=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            input_device_index=self.loopback_input_idx,
-            stream_callback=in_callback)
-        out_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            output=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            output_device_index=self.loopback_output_idx,
-            stream_callback=out_callback)
-        # In a separate (C) thread, portaudio/driver will grab the device lock,
-        # then the GIL to call in_callback.
-        in_stream.start_stream()
-        # Wait a bit to let that callback thread start.
-        time.sleep(1)
-        # in_callback will eventually drop the GIL when executing
-        # time.sleep (while retaining the device lock), allowing the
-        # following code to run. Getting the stream cpuload MUST not
-        # require the device lock, but if it does, it must release the
-        # GIL before attempting to acquire the device lock. Otherwise,
-        # the following code will wait for the device lock (while
-        # holding the GIL), while the in_callback thread will be
-        # waiting for the GIL once time.sleep completes (while holding
-        # the device lock), leading to deadlock.
-        self.assertGreater(in_stream.get_cpu_load(), -1)
-        self.assertGreater(out_stream.get_cpu_load(), -1)
-
-        time.sleep(0.1)
-        in_stream.stop_stream()
-        out_stream.stop_stream()
-
-    def test_get_stream_write_available_gil(self):
-        """Ensure no deadlock between Pa_GetStreamWriteAvailable and GIL."""
-        rate = 44100 # frames per second
-        width = 2    # bytes per sample
-        channels = 2
-        frames_per_chunk = 1024
-
-        def in_callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            # Release the GIL for a bit
-            time.sleep(2)
-            return (None, pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        in_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            input=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            input_device_index=self.loopback_input_idx,
-            stream_callback=in_callback)
-        out_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            output=True,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            output_device_index=self.loopback_output_idx)
-        # In a separate (C) thread, portaudio/driver will grab the device lock,
-        # then the GIL to call in_callback.
-        in_stream.start_stream()
-        # Wait a bit to let that callback thread start.
-        time.sleep(1)
-        # in_callback will eventually drop the GIL when executing
-        # time.sleep (while retaining the device lock), allowing the
-        # following code to run. Getting the stream write available MUST not
-        # require the device lock, but if it does, it must release the
-        # GIL before attempting to acquire the device lock. Otherwise,
-        # the following code will wait for the device lock (while
-        # holding the GIL), while the in_callback thread will be
-        # waiting for the GIL once time.sleep completes (while holding
-        # the device lock), leading to deadlock.
-        self.assertGreater(out_stream.get_write_available(), -1)
-
-        time.sleep(0.1)
-        in_stream.stop_stream()
-
-    def test_get_stream_read_available_gil(self):
-        """Ensure no deadlock between Pa_GetStreamReadAvailable and GIL."""
-        rate = 44100 # frames per second
-        width = 2    # bytes per sample
-        channels = 2
-        frames_per_chunk = 1024
-
-        def out_callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            # Release the GIL for a bit
-            time.sleep(2)
-            return (None, pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        in_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            input=True,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            input_device_index=self.loopback_input_idx)
-        out_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            output=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            output_device_index=self.loopback_output_idx,
-            stream_callback=out_callback)
-        # In a separate (C) thread, portaudio/driver will grab the device lock,
-        # then the GIL to call in_callback.
-        out_stream.start_stream()
-        # Wait a bit to let that callback thread start.
-        time.sleep(1)
-        # in_callback will eventually drop the GIL when executing
-        # time.sleep (while retaining the device lock), allowing the
-        # following code to run. Getting the stream read available MUST not
-        # require the device lock, but if it does, it must release the
-        # GIL before attempting to acquire the device lock. Otherwise,
-        # the following code will wait for the device lock (while
-        # holding the GIL), while the in_callback thread will be
-        # waiting for the GIL once time.sleep completes (while holding
-        # the device lock), leading to deadlock.
-        self.assertGreater(in_stream.get_read_available(), -1)
-
-        time.sleep(0.1)
-        in_stream.stop_stream()
-
-    def test_terminate_gil(self):
-        """Ensure no deadlock between Pa_Terminate and GIL."""
-        rate = 44100 # frames per second
-        width = 2    # bytes per sample
-        channels = 2
-        frames_per_chunk = 1024
-
-        def out_callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
-            # Release the GIL for a bit
-            time.sleep(2)
-            return (None, pyaudio.paComplete)
-
-        out_stream = self.p.open(
-            format=self.p.get_format_from_width(width),
-            channels=channels,
-            rate=rate,
-            output=True,
-            start=False,
-            frames_per_buffer=frames_per_chunk,
-            output_device_index=self.loopback_output_idx,
-            stream_callback=out_callback)
-        # In a separate (C) thread, portaudio/driver will grab the device lock,
-        # then the GIL to call in_callback.
-        out_stream.start_stream()
-        # Wait a bit to let that callback thread start.
-        time.sleep(1)
-        # in_callback will eventually drop the GIL when executing
-        # time.sleep (while retaining the device lock), allowing the
-        # following code to run. Terminating PyAudio MUST not
-        # require the device lock, but if it does, it must release the
-        # GIL before attempting to acquire the device lock. Otherwise,
-        # the following code will wait for the device lock (while
-        # holding the GIL), while the in_callback thread will be
-        # waiting for the GIL once time.sleep completes (while holding
-        # the device lock), leading to deadlock.
-        self.p.terminate()
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def create_reference_signal(freqs, sampling_rate, width, duration):
-        """Return reference signal with several sinuoids with frequencies
-        specified by freqs."""
-        total_frames = int(sampling_rate * duration)
-        max_amp = float(2**(width * 8 - 1) - 1)
-        avg_amp = max_amp / len(freqs)
-        return [
-            int(sum(avg_amp * math.sin(2*math.pi*freq*(k/float(sampling_rate)))
-                for freq in freqs))
-            for k in range(total_frames)]
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def signal_to_chunks(frame_data, frames_per_chunk, channels):
-        """Given an array of values comprising the signal, return an iterable
-        of binary chunks, with each chunk containing frames_per_chunk
-        frames. Each frame represents a single value from the signal,
-        duplicated for each channel specified by channels.
-        """
-        frames = [struct.pack('h', x) * channels for x in frame_data]
-        # Chop up frames into chunks
-        return [b''.join(chunk_frames) for chunk_frames in
-                tuple(frames[i:i+frames_per_chunk]
-                      for i in range(0, len(frames), frames_per_chunk))]
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def pcm16_to_numpy(bytestring):
-        """From PCM 16-bit bytes, return an equivalent numpy array of values."""
-        return struct.unpack('%dh' % (len(bytestring) / 2), bytestring)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def write_wav(filename, data, width, channels, rate):
-        """Write PCM data to wave file."""
-        wf = wave.open(filename, 'wb')
-        wf.setnchannels(channels)
-        wf.setsampwidth(width)
-        wf.setframerate(rate)
-        wf.writeframes(data)
-        wf.close()
-
-    def assert_pcm16_spectrum_nearly_equal(self, sampling_rate, cap, ref,
-                                           num_freq_peaks_expected):
-        """Compares the discrete fourier transform of a captured signal
-        against the reference signal and ensures that the frequency peaks
-        match."""
-        # When passing a reference signal through the loopback device,
-        # the captured signal may include additional noise, as well as
-        # time lag, so testing that the captured signal is "similar
-        # enough" to the reference using bit-wise equality won't work
-        # well. Instead, the approach here a) assumes the reference
-        # signal is a sum of sinusoids and b) computes the discrete
-        # fourier transform of the reference and captured signals, and
-        # ensures that the frequencies of the top
-        # num_freq_peaks_expected frequency peaks are close.
-        cap_fft = numpy.absolute(numpy.fft.rfft(cap))
-        ref_fft = numpy.absolute(numpy.fft.rfft(ref))
-        # Find the indices of the peaks:
-        cap_peak_indices = sorted(numpy.argpartition(
-            cap_fft, -num_freq_peaks_expected)[-num_freq_peaks_expected:])
-        ref_peak_indices = sorted(numpy.argpartition(
-            ref_fft, -num_freq_peaks_expected)[-num_freq_peaks_expected:])
-        # Ensure that the corresponding frequencies of the peaks are close:
-        for cap_freq_index, ref_freq_index in zip(cap_peak_indices,
-                                                  ref_peak_indices):
-            cap_freq = cap_freq_index / float(len(cap)) * (sampling_rate / 2)
-            ref_freq = ref_freq_index / float(len(ref)) * (sampling_rate / 2)
-            diff = abs(cap_freq - ref_freq)
-            self.assertLess(diff, 1.0)
-
-        # As an additional test, verify that the spectrum (not just
-        # the peaks) of the reference and captured signal are similar
-        # by computing the cross-correlation of the spectra. Assuming they
-        # are nearly identical, the cross-correlation should contain a large
-        # peak when the spectra overlap and mostly 0s elsewhere. Verify that
-        # using a histogram of the cross-correlation:
-        freq_corr_hist, _ = numpy.histogram(
-            numpy.correlate(cap_fft, ref_fft, mode='full'),
-            bins=10)
-        self.assertLess(sum(freq_corr_hist[2:])/sum(freq_corr_hist), 1e-2)